![]() ![]() The value of α at the left ( q 3 = 0) and right ( q 3 = 1) bounds match the analytic considerations in Secs. Shown in (b) is the initial spin orientation parameter α of the electron for the lowest contrast. The other spinor angle φ is always determined to zero in our iterations. Thus, the horizontal diffraction of the laser beam after it passes through the slits in Figure 1.31 is evidence that light is a wave. If diffraction is observed for some phenomenon, it is evidence that the phenomenon is a wave. (b) Parameter α in Eq. ( 12), at which the low contrast takes place. Diffraction is a wave characteristic and occurs for all types of waves. Despite these variations, which can be understood systematically, the stated property that | M ψ A | 2 is significantly smaller than | M ψ B | 2 holds true. 4, as well as a small discontinuity between the two parts of the fitting functions ( 15a) and ( 15b), lead to a larger variation of | M ψ A | 2 on the logarithmic scale of (a) of this figure. Note that tiny discrepancies between the fitting functions ( 15) and the exact location of the contrast minimum in the ( 1 / θ, p 3) plane of Fig. A shadow is a region behind an obstacle into which a wave does not easily diffract. is most apparent when the size of the obstacle or opening ( a) and the wavelength of the wave ( ) are of the same order ( a ). In combination with a nonvanishing amplitude for | M ψ B | 2 this represents spin-dependent diffraction. is the bending or spreading of a wave around an obstacle or through an opening. 4, which implies a value of the contrast in Eq. ( 13) significantly smaller than 1. The probability | M ψ A | 2 is several orders of magnitude smaller than | M ψ B | 2 along the minimum location in Fig. We determine the parameter pair ( α, φ ) with our iterative contrast determination algorithm for the combination of q 3 and 1 / θ ( q 3 ) along the minimum fit ( 15) of the contrast distribution in Fig. Explicit demonstration of a vanishing contrast along the dashed line in Fig. Upholding the diffraction limit in the focusing of light and sound. ![]()
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